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--- gallery:fracture2dtbc [2010/12/15 19:47] – smilauer
+++ gallery:fracture2dtbc [2011/06/16 18:13] (current) – smilauer
@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 Two-dimensional triaxially braided composites (2DTBCs) can dissipate large amount of energy during fracturing. The biggest challenge remains in engineering this carbon-epoxy composite to optimize energy dissipation and to discover critical and sensitive factors affecting fracturing performance. The simulation started with the definition and dicretization of Repetitive Unit Cell (RUC), see Figure below
-| {{:gallery:2dtbc_ruc.png?500}} |
+| {{:gallery:2dtbc_ruc.png?700}} |
 | Images of 2DTBC and reconstructed RUCs with bias tow angles of 30<sup>o</sup>, 45<sup>o</sup> and 60<sup>o</sup>. SEM images from University of Michigan, prof. Waas' group.|
-Since the fracture parameters are best manifested in the scaling properties and are the main parameters in the size effect law, the nominal strengths of three geometrically similar notched beams of three different sizes are simulated in a 3D finite element framework. A collection of RUCs was embeded in a notched beam, which creates a finely disretized region around the notch and a coarse disretization around, see Figure. Python script generated the embedded geometry with the help of hanging nodes and master-slave nodes.
+Since the fracture parameters are best manifested in the scaling properties of the size effect law, the nominal strengths of three geometrically self-similar notched beams are simulated in a 3D finite element framework. A collection of RUCs is embeded above the notch while the rest of beam has coarse finite elements, see Figure. Python script helped to generate the embedded geometry using hanging nodes and master-slave node relation.
-{{:gallery:2dtbc_multiscale.png?500}}
+{{:gallery:2dtbc_multiscale.png?700}}
-The simulation uses framework of damage mechanics. A fixed orientation of three perpendicular planes, aligned with material orientation axes, defines six damage variables; three for normal stress and three for shear. The material law handles the class //CompoDamageMat//. The left Figure shows the notched beam with embedded damaging RUCs, the right Figure force-displacement curve.
+The simulation stems from damage mechanics. A fixed orientation of three perpendicular planes, aligned with material orientation axes, defines six damage variables; three for normal stress and three for shear. The OOFEM class //CompoDamageMat// handles such damage material. The left Figure shows the notched beam with embedded damaging RUCs, the right Figure displays the force-displacement curve.
 {{:gallery:60_beam_anim_small.gif|}} {{:gallery:60_pd_anim_small.gif|}}
-The Figure below depicts a detailed view of a process zone above the notch. The colors represent damage magnitude.
+The Figure below depicts a detailed view of the process zone above the notch. The colors represent damage magnitude on carbon axial and bias tows.
 {{:gallery:damage_braiders_anim_small.gif|}}
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 The left Figure shows a detail of the three-point beam bending test, the middle Figure prediction and simulation for three beam sizes, and the right Figure fitting to the the size effect law.
-{{:gallery:dsc00519a.jpg?170}} {{:gallery:30_rsize_pd_e.png?180}} {{:gallery:30_rsize_effectb.png?180}}
+{{:gallery:dsc00519a.jpg?290}} {{:gallery:30_rsize_pd_e.png?300}} {{:gallery:30_rsize_effectb.png?300}}
 By fitting the size effect law, the fracture energy was found in the range 212 - 464 N/mm. For more information, see our article
-  * V. Šmilauer, C. G. Hoover, Z. P. Bažant, F. C. Caner, A. M. Waas, K. W. Shahwan: Multiscale Simulation of Fracture of Braided Composites via Repetitive Unit Cells, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, in press, 2011.
+  * V. Šmilauer, C. G. Hoover, Z. P. Bažant, F. C. Caner, A. M. Waas, K. W. Shahwan: Multiscale Simulation of Fracture of Braided Composites via Repetitive Unit Cells, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 78(6), 901-918. ISSN 0013-7944, 2011.
-//Created 12/2010 by Vít Šmilauer. Acknowledgements belong to C. G. Hoover, B. Patzák, Z. P. Bažant, A. M. Waas and K. W. Shahwan.//
+//Created 12/2010 by Vít Šmilauer. Acknowledgements belong also to C. G. Hoover, B. Patzák, Z. P. Bažant, A. M. Waas and K. W. Shahwan.//